#HARMONY NAVIGATOR 2 LE HOW TO#

Divine command ДЄllegorical fresco cycle (cardinal virtues) by Renaissance painter Domenico di Pace Beccafumi from the Palazzo Pubblico in Siena, scene: вЂ™'Justitia'вЂ™ДЄdvocates of divine command theory say that justice, and indeed the whole of morality, is the authoritative command of God. For Socrates, the only way the ship will reach its destinationВ вЂ“ the goodВ вЂ“ is if the navigator takes charge.

#HARMONY NAVIGATOR 2 LE HOW TO#

Socrates uses the parable of the ship to illustrate this point: the unjust city is like a ship in open ocean, crewed by a powerful but drunken captain (the common people), a group of untrustworthy advisors who try to manipulate the captain into giving them power over the ship's course (the politicians), and a navigator (the philosopher) who is the only one who knows how to get the ship to port. Similarly, one should trust one's city to an expert in the subject of the good, not to a mere politician who tries to gain power by giving people what they want, rather than what's good for them. If one is ill, one goes to a medic rather than a farmer, because the medic is expert in the subject of health.

Lovers of wisdomВ вЂ“ philosophers, in one sense of the termВ вЂ“ should rule because only they understand what is good. Similarly, a city has three partsВ вЂ“ Socrates uses the parable of the chariot to illustrate his point: a chariot works as a whole because the two horses' power is directed by the charioteer. A person's soul has three partsВ вЂ“ reason, spirit and desire. This applies both at the individual level and at the universal level. A just man is a man in just the right place, doing his best and giving the precise equivalent of what he has received.

Hence, Plato's definition of justice is that justice is the having and doing of what is one's own. Justice is a proper, harmonious relationship between the warring parts of the person or city. In his dialogue Republic, Plato uses Socrates to argue for justice that covers both the just person and the just City State. The closely related restorative justice (also sometimes called 'reparative justice') is an approach to justice that focuses on the needs of victims and offenders. Theories of retributive justice say that wrongdoing should be punished to insure justice. Robert Nozick and others said that property rights, also within the realm of distributive justice and natural law, maximizes the overall wealth of an economic system. John Rawls used a social contract theory to say that justice, and especially distributive justice, is a form of fairness. Egalitarians have said that justice can only exist within the coordinates of equality. Theories of distributive justice study what is to be distributed, between whom they are to be distributed, and what is the proper distribution. In the 1800s, utilitarian philosophers such as John Stuart Mill said that justice is based on the best outcomes for the greatest number of people. Social contract theory said that justice is derived from the mutual agreement of everyone. In the 1600s, philosophers such as John Locke said that justice derives from natural law. Advocates of divine command theory have said that justice issues from God. Throughout history various theories have been established. Early theories of justice were set out by the Ancient Greek philosophers Plato in his work The Republic, and Aristotle in his Nicomachean Ethics.

The state will sometimes endeavour to increase justice by operating courts and enforcing their rulings.Д¬onsequently, the application of justice differs in every culture. Justice, in its broadest sense, is the principle that people receive that which they deserve, with the interpretation of what then constitutes 'deserving' being impacted upon by numerous fields, with many differing viewpoints and perspectives, including the concepts of moral correctness based on ethics, rationality, law, religion, equity and fairness. Fresco, corner of the vault, studiolo of the Madonna of Mercy, Palazzo Altemps, Rome Justice, one of the four cardinal virtues, by Vitruvio Alberi, 1589вЂ“1590.

Harmony navigator 2 le